individuals are type 1 diabetes (T1D), major depressive disorder (MDD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (if directly related to those with T1D).
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may be involved in such coaggregation with MDD and ADHD, but further research is needed.
These findings are from a nationwide study published in Taiwan. Acta DiabetologicaThis involved using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2001 and 2011 to survey 24,555 first-degree relatives (FDR ) and 98,220 controls were included.
The authors of this study used Poisson regression analysis to estimate the risk of MDD, ADHD, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in FDR.
After adjusting for demographics, FDRs in patients with T1D who had at least one parent, child, or sibling were 46 times more likely to have T1D (adjusted relative risk [ARR]46.07; 95% CI, 33.36–63.63, P. < .001), 17% more likely to have MDD (ARR, 1.17; 95%CI, 1.04–1.32, P. = .009), compared to controls.
When stratified by sex, female FDRs had a 30% increased risk of MDD (ARR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.13-1.51) and male FDRs had a 21% increased risk of ADHD (ARR, 1.21 95% CI, 1.01). -1.44).
There were also different trends based on relationships with T1D family members.
Parents of T1D patients were 24% more likely to have MDD (ARR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06-1.44) and children of T1D patients were 41% more likely to have ADHD (ARR, 1.41; 95% CI , 1.11-1.79).
Specifically, relative risk of T1D was 21.77, 29.01, and 52.19 times higher for parents, children, and siblings of families with T1D compared with controls.
Furthermore, FDR in individuals with both T1D and DKA were at higher risk for MDD (ARR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.11-1.64) and ADHD (ARR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.07-1.82) than controls. rice field. However, the authors note that these levels of increased risk were not seen in her FDR in her T1D patients without DKA.
They also write that recent evidence does not point to a genetic explanation for the association between T1D and MDD. On the other hand, the relationship between T1D and ADHD is consistent with another meta-analysis, in which her T1D of pre-existing mothers was associated with a 39% increased risk of ADHD in her child, and her T1D of her father was associated with a 39% increased risk of ADHD in her child. was associated with a 20% increase.
“Future genetic and population-based studies are needed to better understand the involvement of genetic and environmental risk factors in the clinical presentation of T1D, MDD, ADHD, and ASD,” said the authors. .
reference
Hsu TW, Chen MH, Bai YM, et al. Family coaggregation of type 1 diabetes, major depressive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders in affected families: a national study. Acta DiabetolPublished online January 13, 2022. doi:10.1007/s00592-022-02025-4
